Human Physiology From Cells to Systems 9th Edition By Sherwood – Test Bank
Chapter 15 – Fluid and Acid Base Balance
1. What exists when the gains via input for a substance exceed its losses via output?​
| |
a. |
​equilibrium |
| |
b. |
​a negative balance |
| |
c. |
​a positive balance |
| |
d. |
​a net pool loss |
| |
e. |
​homeostasis |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
c |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.1 Balance Concept |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.1.2 – Explain how a balance of the ECF constituents is maintained |
|
2. What compound is incorporated into hemoglobin, but released back into body fluids when red blood cells degenerate?​
| |
a. |
​calcium |
| |
b. |
​hydrogen |
| |
c. |
​sodium |
| |
d. |
​iron |
| |
e. |
​magnesium |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
d |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.1 Balance Concept |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.1.1 – Discuss the inputs to and outputs from the internal pool of a substance |
|
3. ​How is glucose stored within the body?
| |
a. |
​within red blood cells |
| |
b. |
​as glycogen |
| |
c. |
​within the pancreas |
| |
d. |
​as insulin |
| |
e. |
​within the extracellular fluid |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
b |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.1 Balance Concept |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.1.1 – Discuss the inputs to and outputs from the internal pool of a substance |
|
4. What components are primarily lost from the body with sweating and vomiting?​
| |
a. |
​water, salt, and hydrogen ions |
| |
b. |
​water, acid, and magnesium |
| |
c. |
​water, iron, and glucose |
| |
d. |
​water, calcium, and bicarbonate ions |
| |
e. |
​water, glucose, and acid |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
a |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.1 Balance Concept |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.1.2 – Explain how a balance of the ECF constituents is maintained |
|
5. ​On average, what percent of body weight is water?
| |
a. |
​80% |
| |
b. |
​60% |
| |
c. |
​50% |
| |
d. |
​40% |
| |
e. |
​30% |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
b |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2.1 – Describe the distribution of body water between the two major fluid compartments |
|
6. The main reason for the wide range in body H2O among individuals is their variable amount of:​
| |
a. |
​dietary protein |
| |
b. |
​pH |
| |
c. |
​minerals |
| |
d. |
​muscle mass |
| |
e. |
​adipose tissue (fat) |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
e |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2.1 – Describe the distribution of body water between the two major fluid compartments |
|
7. What type of tissue contains the least amount of water?
| |
a. |
​bone |
| |
b. |
​muscle |
| |
c. |
​skin |
| |
d. |
​fat |
| |
e. |
​connective tissue |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
d |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2.1 – Describe the distribution of body water between the two major fluid compartments |
|
8. How much water resides in the intracellular fluid compartment?
| |
a. |
​about 1/3 |
| |
b. |
​about half |
| |
c. |
​about 2/3 |
| |
d. |
​about 3/4 |
| |
e. |
​about 90% |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
c |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2.1 – Describe the distribution of body water between the two major fluid compartments |
|
9. What type of fluid is cerebrospinal fluid?
| |
a. |
​transcellular |
| |
b. |
​lymph |
| |
c. |
​intracellular |
| |
d. |
​extracellular |
| |
e. |
​interstitial |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
a |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2.1 – Describe the distribution of body water between the two major fluid compartments |
|
10. What is the barrier between plasma and interstitial fluid?​
| |
a. |
​blood vessel walls |
| |
b. |
​the skin |
| |
c. |
​cell membrane |
| |
d. |
​interstitial space |
| |
e. |
​spinal canal |
| ANSWER:Â Â |
a |
| DIFFICULTY:Â Â |
Bloom’s: Remember |
| REFERENCES:Â Â |
15.2 Fluid Balance |
| LEARNINGÂ OBJECTIVES:Â Â |
HUPH.SHER.16.15.2 – Discuss the significance of fluid balance in the body |
|
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