Test Bank for Rodaks Hematology 5th Edition by Keohane
Chapter 06: Cellular Structure and Function
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- What component of the erythrocyte is most responsible for its cytoskeleton and cellular integrity?
| a. | glycocalyx |
| b. | cytoskeletal protein |
| c. | nucleus |
| d. | Golgi complex |
ANS: B
Cytoskeletal proteins are found on the inner cytoplasmic side of the membrane and form the lattice of the cytoskeleton.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 68
- What cellular component of the erythrocyte is its control center?
| a. | heterochromatin |
| b. | Golgi complex |
| c. | nucleus |
| d. | cytoplasm |
ANS: C
The nucleus is the control center of the cell, is responsible for all its chemical reactions, and is the site of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and transcription.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 68
- How does the genetically active portion of the nuclear chromatin look when stained with Wright stain?
| a. | condensed, darkly stained |
| b. | clumped, dark purple |
| c. | ropelike, pink or red |
| d. | diffuse, uncondensed and pale blue |
ANS: D
The genetically active portion of the nuclear chromatin, composed of DNA plus supporting proteins, appears diffuse and uncondensed and stains pale blue with Wright stain. It is also called euchromatin. Chromatin, which is condensed and stains darkly, is also called heterochromatin; it is the genetically inactive portion of the nucleus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 68
- What cellular component “directs traffic” for smooth functioning?
| a. | mitochondria |
| b. | ribosomes |
| c. | Golgi complex |
| d. | nucleoli |
ANS: C
The Golgi complex directs traffic in the cell, where it is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging macromolecules for secretion or delivery to other organelles within the cell.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 69
- If the cytoplasm of a cell is very basophilic or blue when stained with Wright stain it contains
| a. | low concentration of lysosomes. |
| b. | large number of ribosomes. |
| c. | small number of ribosomes. |
| d. | high concentration of lysosomes. |
ANS: B
Ribosomes, which are made up of ribonucleic acid (RNA), stain blue or basophilic with Wright stain. If a cell’s cytoplasm contains many ribosomes, it will stain very blue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 69
- Protein synthesis occurs in what part of a cell?
| a. | ribosomes |
| b. | nucleus |
| c. | mitochondria |
| d. | lysosomes |
ANS: A
Protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes, found in rough endoplasmic reticulum.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 69
- What cellular component is responsible for energy production and metabolic processes?
| a. | ribosomes |
| b. | nucleus |
| c. | mitochondria |
| d. | lysosomes |
ANS: C
Mitochondria are responsible for energy production and metabolic processes of a cell.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 69
- Lysosomes are found in the cytoplasm of many cells and contain
| a. | cholesterol. |
| b. | hydrolytic enzymes. |
| c. | glycoproteins. |
| d. | RNA. |
ANS: B
Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 70
- What cellular structures appear as granules with Wright stain?
| a. | ribosomes |
| b. | Golgi bodies |
| c. | mitochondria |
| d. | lysosomes |
ANS: D
With Wright stain, lysosomes are visualized as azurophilic granules.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 70
- The nucleolus of a cell is composed of
| a. | hydrolytic enzymes. |
| b. | glycoproteins. |
| c. | RNA. |
| d. | lipids. |
ANS: C
The nucleolus is composed of ribosomal RNA, DNA, and proteins in loose fibrillar form and is found within the nucleus of a cell.
DIF: Cognitive Level: 1 REF: page 68
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